us_substantial_presence_test

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Whether your US days make you a tax resident — the weighted 3-year formula where 122 days a year is enough, and student-visa days may not count at all. Determines US tax residency under the Substantial Presence Test (IRC §7701(b)): 31+ days this year AND a weighted total ≥ 183, counting this year’s days in full, last year’s at one-third, and the year before at one-sixth. The popular "stay under 183 days" rule is wrong — a steady 122 days every year triggers residency. The inputs that actually decide the answer are the ones people don’t know matter: visa status (F/J/M/Q student and J/Q teacher days can be excluded entirely — or suddenly start counting), prior-year day counts, and whether the closer connection exception (Form 8840) is still open — it closes at 183 actual days, and a pending green-card application bars it.